Foot massage is called Padabhyanga. It is an important part of Ayurveda and has been used to treat various ailments. Feet connect us to the Earth energy via grounding. The feet also have many nerve endings which are connected to different organs of the body. Massage makes these nerve connections strong that improves the health and function of body organs. In context with Ayurveda massage stimulates the marma (vital) points on legs and feet to release stagnant energy and this helps in insomnia fatigue and cramps. The bronze foot massager is made of pure bronze (free from lead). Bronze is an alloy mainly consists of copper around 85-95 percent and tin (15-5%). Bronze is harder than pure iron and does not corrode easily. It is lustrous golden brown in color lighter and a good conductor of heat. The copper component of the bronze has anti-inflammatory properties that help in reducing inflammation pain and arthritis. It is also involved in the formation of hemoglobin. Due to its high electrical conductivity bronze also works on the electrical system of body to balance and revitalize it. Tin is considered useful in digestion headaches and insomnia. It also has been used in cases of depression moodiness and fatigue when other treatments have not worked. The gentle friction caused by the massager tends to pull acidity (toxins) out of body tissues which may be the reason for the oil turning black when the massager is used with oil. Please note that bronze tarnishes when in contact with the air & the bronze cap may have spots of tarnish on it when it arrives. Tarnish marks & rough spots can be polished out with powdered metal polish to return the bronze to its original lustre. When using the kansa the oil may darken and appear to leave dark marks due to the effect of expelled toxins and inner heat. These are easily removed.